INTRODUCTION: Although intrauterin inseminasyon (IUI) is one of the most common treatment methods in infertility, the relative influence of various semen characteristics on the likelihood of a successful outcome is controversial. The aim of our study was to assess the results of IUI as a function of semen characteristics.
METHODS: This study is a workshop comprising 582 intrauterine insemination cycles which has applied to 283 infertile patients between January 2008 and March 2013, in Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Hospital, Infertility Unit. We, firstly compared the clinical pregnancy rates according to processed total progressive motile sperm count (TPMSC), by classifying IUI cycles into two groups as <10 million and ≥10 million according to TPMSC. And then, we compared the clinical pregnancy rates according to morphology, by classifying IUI cycles into two groups as with normal morphology <4% and ≥4% according to Kruger’s strict criteria.
RESULTS: There was no statistical significant difference in the clinical pregnancy rates nor in group which was classified as <10 million and ≥10 million according to TPMSC neither in group which was classsified as normal morphology <4% and ≥4%. None of the variables such as total progressive sperm motility and morphology, duration of infertility, number of treatment cycles are unable to predict the pregnancy chance.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The clinical pregnancy rates in IUI cycles were not correlated not only with morphology itself but also with TPMSC only. And the chance of pregnancy prediction alone can not provide any other variable.

Perioperative anaphylaxis is a life-threatening systemic allergic reaction that occurs during the operation. Although rarely, it is mostly serious. The causes of perioperative anaphylaxis are neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA), antibiotics, latex, hypnotic induction agents (mainly barbiturates), chlorhexidine, opioids and colloids. Risk factors for perioperative anaphylaxis include as follows: female gender (for certain drugs), mast cell disorders, other allergic conditions (such as asthma, eczema or allergic rhinitis), multiple surgical history (especially for latex and ethylene oxide) drug allergy and atopy.
Acute asthma attack, aspiration, endotracheal tube malposition, malignant hyperthermia, pulmonary edema, pulmonary thromboembolism, tension pneumothorax, transfusion dependent acute lung injury, arrhythmias, cardiac tamponade, cardiogenic shock, hemorrhage, hyperkalaemia clinic are also the involved in differential diagnosis of perioperative anaphylaxis.

INTRODUCTION: To evaluate the predictive value of amniotic fluid lactate concentration on onset of spontaneous labour among preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) cases and to get information about these cases in means of maternal and foetal perspective standardisation.
METHODS: This study was designed as a prospective observational study. PPROM cases between 24-34 gestational weeks underwent sterile speculum examination whereby amniotic fluid was obtained and tested for lactate level and best cut-off amniotic fluid lactate values to predict onset of spontaneous labour within 48 hours and 7 days were determined.
RESULTS: Mean age of the cases was 26.40 ±6.14 years. Mean gestational age during examination was 31.18 ±2.57 weeks and mean time until birth was 9.89 ± 1.45 (mean ± standart error mean) (95% CI: 6.91 – 12.86) days. The best cut-off value to predict the onset of spontaneous labour within 48 hours and 7 days was 7 mmol/l and 8.1 mmol/l (sensitivity 92.3%; specificity 36.6%; positive LR 1.46; negative LR 0.21, sensitivity 68.1%; specifivity 57.7%; positive LR 1.61; negative LR 0.55,respectively), but areas under curve were not statistically significant (AUC= 0.56%, 95% CI 0.44 – 0.67; p= 0.380, AUC= 0.59, 95% CI 0.47 – 0.70; p= 0.196, respectively).
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The best cut-off values were determined for spontaneous onset of labour within 48 hours or 7 days among PPROM cases, but there was not a statistically significance between groups in means of lactate. Extended, randomized, controlled studies are necessary to determine the predictive value of amniotic fluid lactate concentration on onset of spontaneous labour.

INTRODUCTION: Long term blood transfusion therapy in patients with thalassemia major causes extravascular hemolysis and excessive storage of iron caused by increased intestinal absorbtion. Therefore hemosiderosis may develop in several organs especially in the heart.
METHODS: Eighty-five patients with thalassemia major who used chelation therapy and eighty-five healthy children were included in this study.
RESULTS: The mean age of the study and control groups were 13±7. Cardiac systolic and diastolic functions were evaluated with ecocardiography and MR T2* index. The study group was clasiffied into two subgroups according to serum ferritin levels (ferritin>2500, ferritin<2500) and there was no significant difference between the cardiac fucntions. We also classified the study group into two subgroups according to their MR T2* index ( T2*>20, T2*<20) and no significant difference was found between these subgroups. When we evaluate the doppler ecocardipographic findings of study and control groups we found lower diastolic functions and increased LV mass index in patients with thalassemia major.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result patients with Thalassemia Major should be evaluated by QTc dispersion measures and ventricular functions and geometrical assessments by tissue doppler imaging in routine policlinic controls.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed in this study to detect the accordance among endometrial biopsy, frozen analysis and final histopathologic diagnosis in patients operated for endometrial hyperplasia in endometrial biopsy.
METHODS: We performed a retrospective study at a tertiary hospital between January 2010 and January 2017. The medical histories, demographic and clinical characteristics, surgery records and pathologic results were obtained via database of the hospital.
RESULTS: 112 and 83 of total 195 patients operated for a diagnosis of endometrial hyperplasia in biopsy were diagnosed as atypical hyperplasia and hyperplasia without atypia in final histopathology, respectively. 38 patients had malignant and 74 had benign frozen sections. The malignant diagnoses had been confirmed in final histopathology for 6 (94.7%) of 38 patients who had malignant frozen analysis. Two (5.3%) of 38 had benign final histopathologic results. The final histopathologic result of 69 (%93.2) of 74 patients with benign frozen results had been reported as benign and 5 (6.8%) as endometrium adenocarcinoma. Compared with the final histopathology, sensitivity, specifity, positive and negative predictive values for frozen were 87.7%, %97.1, 94.7% and 93.2%, respectively. For 75 patients with hyperplasia without atypia for whom a frozen section not performed the final histopathology were resulted for 73 patients (93.7%) as benign and for 2 (2.7%) as carcinoma.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The prevalance of coexisting endometrial adenocarcinoma is high in patients with preoperative diagnosis of atypical endometrial hyperplasia. The frozen section analysis in those patients has a critical role in choice of surgical approach and should be done in all.

INTRODUCTION: Proteinuria is well-known to be a marker and causitive factor for progressive renal damage. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) are shown to reduce proteinuria however in some patients, these drugs are not adequately effective. Oral nitrates may reduce proteinuria by the way of glomerular vasodilatation. We aimed to investigate the possible effects of oral isosorbide mononitrate (IMN) on proteinuria in patients with nephritic syndrome.
METHODS: A total of 36 patients with nephrotic syndrome (proteinuria > 1 g/day) requiring oral IMN for symptomatic ischemic heart disease were enrolled.
RESULTS: proteinuria was significantly decreased with the initiation of IMN ( p= 0.02). In patients on combined ACEI and ARB treatment, IMN was effective in reducing proteinuria(p=0.01) however it was not effective in patients on single agent therapy as ACEI or ARB; ( p= 0.15). IMN was also efficient in diabetic patients,( p=0.02) and conversely not effective in non-diabetic patients, (p=0.33). Patients on calcium channel blockers (CCB), IMN was ineffective ( p=0.96). Decrease in proteinuria was associated with baseline proteinuria ( p<0.001). Patients who responded to IMN therapy were significantly younger ( p=0.01). In logistic regression analysis for predicting the efficiency of IMN, age, baseline proteinuria, ACEI, ARB, CCB use, presence of diabetes were included as independent variables. Only age and ACEI use retained as the significant factors.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Oral nitrates may be effective for reducing proteinuria in patients with nephrotic syndrome. This favorable effect seemed to be more prominent in younger, diabetic patients using both ACEI and ARB.

INTRODUCTION: Epilepsy during pregnancy is recognised as a high-risk condition. Low APGAR score, prematurity, low birth weight, increased incidence of congenital malformation, respiratory failure, impaired hearing function and delayed mental function in infants of epileptic mothers have been reported. In this study, we aimed to investigate the demographic features, clinical follow up the infants of epileptic mothers who were followed up in our clinic and demographic characteristics of their mothers.
METHODS: Twenty-one infant of epileptic mothers who were followed-up in our clinic retrospectively included into the study
RESULTS: Twenty-one infant of epileptic mothers who were followed-up in our clinic retrospectively included into the study. Respiratory distress and nutritional intolerance were the most frequent causes of hospitalization. The most commonly used antiepileptic drugs in pregnancy were lamotrigine and carbamazepine.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result, epilepsy has shown that most of mothers have healthy pregnancies and healthy babies, but we also detected some problems in these babies. For this reason, these pregnancies need to be monitored closely from the preconceptional period to postpartum period.

INTRODUCTION: To present the demographic and clinical characteristics of patients who were treated for type 1 retinopathy of prematurity (ROP).

METHODS: The medical records of 89 premature infants who were treated in the ophthalmology department of Kanuni Sultan Suleyman Education and Research Hospital between June 2012 and March 2014 and completed a 6-month-follow-up period were evaluated retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups: inpatient and referred.

RESULTS: Seventeen infants were inpatient, and 72 infants were referred. The mean gestational age (GA) and birth weight (BW) of the inpatients were significantly lower than those of referred infants (P = 0.09 and P = 0.024, respectively). The mean GA and BW of the inpatients with zone 1 ROP were significantly lower than those of the referred infants (P = 0.014 and P = 0.048, respectively). There was no significant difference in postmenstrual age or chronological age at treatment between the inpatient and referred infants (P > 0.05). No retinal detachment was observed.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The timely application of current treatment methods is successful in resolving severe ROP. The significantly higher mean BW and GA of the referred patients compared with the inpatient infants imply that patient outcomes at level 3 referral centers may not be representative of other neonatal intensive care units.