Linitis Plastica (LP) is a type of adenocarcinoma which can be detected any where in gastrointestinal system and characterized by diffuse spread of tumor cells into the submucosa and muscular layer.It is detected most commonly in stomach.Undifferantiated tumor cells infiltrate all gastric wall with reactive fibrosis and gastric wall become thick and rigid.The disease spread very quickly with lymphatic way to the nearby organs or cause peritoneal carcinomatosis.Beside classical symptoms of gastric cancer, it is usually represented with early satiety,dyspepsia and reflux.Upper gastrointestinal system endoscopy, endoultrasonography,computed tomography and diagnostic laparoscopy are important tools in diagnosis of LP.Deeper biopsies are recommended in endoscopic interventions.The treatment of LP is discussed in literature.Some authors claimed that surgery is not improved long term survey in LP.On the other hand, surgery with chemotheraphy and radiotheraphy are suggested by many authors.

OBJECTIVE: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of 17 alpha hydroxy progesterone caproate (17-P) in the prevention of preterm labor in patients with cervical cerclage.
METHODS: A retrospective cohort study was designed to analyze the utilization of cervical cerclage in pregnant women treated at Zeynep Kamil Education and Research Hospital between 2008 and 2013. The patients were divided into two groups: patients receiving cerclage and 17-P combination therapy constituted the study group whereas the control group composed of patients who had been treated with cerclage only. The primary outcome measures were defined as the rate of premature birth before the 34. week of gestation and the rate of deliveries with a birth weight below 1500 gr.
RESULTS: The incidence of very low birth weight (<1500 gr) and ≤34 gestational ages infants was significantly lower in the patients receiving cerclage and 17-P than the patients treated only cerclage groups. (p=0,004 p=0,004).
CONCLUSION: The weekly administration of 17-P following cervical cerclage for the prevention of preterm delivery seems to be effective in prolonging pregnancy. We are of the opinion that further prospective randomized controlled trials are necessary to confirm these
findings.

Advances in genomic era and improvements in gene regulation technology lead scientists to treat genetic human diseases. It is now possible to introduce the intact gene to the tissues in which the mutated form of the gene is present. This discipline is called as “gene therapy”. Despite this success, gene therapy may be manipulated to provide enhancement in athletic performance for sports persons, unethically, by regulating the performance-related genes. This sub-discipline is called as “gene doping”. The possible attraction of gene doping is lying in the difficulty of diagnose, unlike drug- based doping. This review briefly addresses the gene doping, methods, candidate genes, possible detection methods, disadvantages and the role of World Anti-doping Agency in gene doping.

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to evaluate the patients hospitalized in intensive care unit due to poisoning between 2010-2014.
METHODS: We reviewed retrospectively the records of all the patients above 10 years age treated in Elazığ Research and Training Hospital Intensive Care Unit for the diagnosis of poisoning between January 2010 and January 2014.
RESULTS: A total of 480 patients, 334 (%69.6) were women,146 (%30.4) were men (30.4%) and M: E is 2.3 / 1. Mean age was 26.2 ± 12.01 years for women, 28.3 ± 11.8 years for men. Reasons of poisoning are 411 (%85.6) drugs,33 (%6.9) carbon monoxide (CO),14 (%2.9) animal poisons, 9 (%1.9) organophosphate pesticides, 6 (%1.3) chemical corrosive substances, 4 (%0.8) mushrooms, 2 (%0.4) alcohol, and 1 (%0.2) had other reasons. Drug-induced toxicity in single drug intake was 334 (%69.6) and 76 (%15.8) in multiple drug intake. In single drug poisoning, the most frequently encountered group was analgesic-antiinflammatory drugs with 125 patients (%37.4). 407 (%84.8) of all cases were suicide attempts and of these 293 (%72) were female. Of the patients, 245 (%51) previously established a psychiatric diagnosis. Mean duration of intensive care unit stay was 1.55±1.03 days. We determined mechanical ventilator support was supplied for 5 (%1) of the patients and 1 patient (%0.2) died during treatment procedure.
DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: The knowledge of poisoning cases not only defines the patient profile and the deficiencies during treatment but also determining the treatment plans with an emergency approach would reduce the morbidity and mortality rates. Therefore retrospective studies reported more frequently would be beneficial.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of vaginal bleeding on first trimester fetal aneuploidy screening test biochemical parameters.
METHODS: The study population consisted of 11-14 week singleton pregnancies who were hospitalized for vaginal bleeding with the diagnosis of abortus imminens and that had first trimester aneuploidy screening test in a perinatology clinic between 2009 and 2013. A control group with similar gestational ages (11-14 wks) that comprised singleton pregnancies without any vaginal bleeding, any systematic disease that underwent first trimester screening test was also included in the analysis. The study and control groups were compared in terms of maternal age, maternal weight, gestational age, pregnancy history and first trimester screening test parameters (i.e. nuchal translucency (NT), crown-rump-length (CRL), free β-hCG, PAPP-A). P values less than 0.05 were considered statistically significant.
RESULTS: A total of 139 pregnant women with active vaginal bleeding when the first trimester screening test was performed was included in the study group, and 453 healthy pregnant women with similar gestational ages were included in the control group. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of maternal age, weight, gravidity, parity, abortion, live birth, gestational age, NT, and CRL measurements (p>0.05). When the groups were compared in terms of PAPP-A and free β-hCG MoM levels, a significant difference was found between the two groups (p<0.05). In terms of trisomy risk (≥1/250), there was no significant difference between the groups (p>0.05).
CONCLUSION: Active vaginal bleeding may interfere with the biochemical parameters of the first trimester aneuploidy screening test, and should be considered when evaluating the test results. In the light of the large further studies, that will be a suitable choice not to do the screening test at the time of abortus imminens.

OBJECTIVE: We aimed to determine the effect of body mass index on maternal and fetal outcomes in term pregnants.
METHODS: The study included >37 week pregnants who admitted to our hospital obstetric unit and delivered babies as a prospective case control study.142 patients with body mass-index over 30 in study group and 158 healthy pregnants with body mass-index under 30 in control group were included in the study population. Data from both groups were compared with respect to gestational diabetes and hypertension, cigarette-alcohol addiction, amnion fluid stained with meconium, premature rupture of membranes, mode of delivery, endications for ceaserean, decrease in postpartum hemoglobin/hematocrite, postpartum infection, birthweight, shoulder dystocia, fetal APGAR scores and unintended fetal and neonatal outcomes.
RESULTS: When compared to women of normal body mass index, obese pregnant women had statistically significant increase with respect to gestational diabet(p=0.044), hypertension(p=0.0001), ceaserean rate(p=0.001), ceaserean due to cephalopelvic dissociation or obstructed labour(p=0.001), hospitalization(p=0.01), macrosomia(p=0.01), requirement for hospitalization(p=0.025) and unintended maternal-fetal outcomes(p=0.001). There was not statistically significant difference between two groups for cigarette/alcohol addiction, premeture membrane rupture, anmion fluid stained with meconium, postpartum bleeding, baby with low birth weight and newborn APGAR scores.
CONCLUSION: According to data revealed from our study, maternal obesity seems to be an important factor that increasing pregnancy complications and fetal-neonatal morbidity.

The severity of gunshot injuries about ballistic properties of bullets. The severity of injury detected by kinetic energy related with type of gun, distance of shot. In this case report we discussed an extraordinary way of a bullet that shot towards thorax than hit a rib and head towards abdomen, stopped an unexpected localization, and injuries occured by it.

Synchronous primary appendicular neoplasms in colorectal cancer are reported in the literature but their true incidence is unknown. We have a 65 years old female with the complaints of weight loss, fatigue, left flank pain and difficulty in passing flatus and defecation. Colonoscopy examination showed a splenic flexure tumor and proximal colon could not be examined because of luminal obstruction. She underwent total colectomy. Pathological examination of the resection material revealed adenocarcinoma of the colon and a synchronous well-differentiated neuroendocrine tumor of the appendix. We hereby report a case of incidentally detected synchronous appendicular neuroendocrine tumor and a colonic adenocarcinoma.

Pigmented villo-nodular synovitis (PVNS) is a rare disease of joints, tendon-sheaths and other synovial structures. PVNS mostly occurs in adults but sometimes it is observed in children. Symptoms of PVNS are not spesific to the disease and treatment usually requires surgical techniques. PVNS is rarely seen in atypical locations. In our case, an anusual location of PVNS with nonspesific signs and symptoms has been disclosed.

Vaginal prolapse of a myoma after cesarean section: Case report
Key words: pregnancy, myoma, vaginal prolapse, vaginal myomectomy
Uterine fibroids (UF) are the most common gynecological tumors in women before menapausal period.For the last decade women tend to delay childbearing after the age of 30 and that causes more pregnancies with uterine fibroids. Although most of the pregnancies reach term without adverse events, it’s clearly known that uterine fibroids are associated with a high risk of spontaneous miscarriage, preterm labor, placental abruption, premature rupture of membranes,fetal malpresentation, labor dystocia, cesarean delivery, postpartum hemorrhage and hysterectomy. In this case report; we present a woman who had an 8 cm intramural myoma located at the posterior wall of the uterus during pregnancy. At the post-operative 15th day she presented with vaginal bleeding. On gynecological examination, an approximately 6 cm heterogen mass mimicking placental rest material prolapsed to vagina is determined. This mass extirpated from uterine cervix and sent for pathological examination which is reported as degenerated uterine fibroid material. The patient is discharged from hospital in the following day.

Polyhydramnios is a sign of high-risked pregnancy. Perinatal morbidity and mortality are increased with polyhydramnios. In etiology, along with most common reasons, like maternal diabet, twin-to-twin hemorrhage, plasental chorioangioma and fetal anomalies; particularly in early-onset severe polyhydramnios cases, such as fetal renal tubulopathy and congenital diarrhea, which increase the amount of amniotic fluid, also more rare and critical, are included.
In this article, we have 2 cases of “Neonatal Bartter Syndrome” and “Congenital Diarrhea” in the neonatal period; In which mothers both have a history of idiopatic polyhydramnios, and newborns diagnosed as fetal polyuria and diarrhea, presented as rare causes of polyhydramnios.

Osteokondromas are the most common benign bone tumors. The most common metaphyseal regions of long bones, femur, proximal humerus and proximal tibia and tendon attachment sites are located in. However, foot and hand are considered quite rare. Usually asymptomatic and detected incidentally on radiographs of the distal phalanx of the great toe of this rare tumor localization of a subject wanted to share could easily be missed.